Visando estimular um debate nacional e internacional sobre o impacto que o modelo de desenvolvimento económico baseado no extractivismo tem sobre as comunidades e, especialmente, a vida das mulheres, o Centro de Estudos Africanos (CEA) da Universidade Eduardo Mondlane em parceira com a Fundação Friedrich Ebert (FES) realizou no dia 13 de Junho um Simpósio Internacional.
O caminho para uma ordem económica justa social e de género requer clareza conceptual e compreensão do funcionamento do actual sistema económico baseado no extractivismo. As discussões que ocorreram durante o Simpósio revelaram altos níveis de antagonismo. Enquanto uns defendem que, deve-se apostar no extractivismo por este ser fonte de renda básica para a redistribuição tendo apenas que definir a maneira correcta e sustentável de investir as rendas, outros defendem que a tentativa de desenvolver priorizando uma economia extractivista é condenada a falhar, uma vez que, o modelo implica paradigmas neo-coloniais e favorece o interesse dos países que possuem capitais e multinacionais, e não os recursos.
Ficou evidente que as narrativas convencionais sobre o extractivismo tem que ser questionadas, pois contém muitas suposições. Os desafios e problemas que vem com o extractivismo são múltiplos, complexos, entrelaçados e sobrepostos, portanto, não há soluções fáceis ou rápidas. Mais conhecimento (alternativo) tem que ser produzido.
Há uma necessidade de desconstruir a ideia de que existe uma única forma de desenvolvimento. O debate também mostrou os avanços dos movimentos feministas em repensar os modelos de desenvolvimento neoliberal, que negligenciam a justiça social e criar "alternativas para o desenvolvimento" e opções políticas que colocam a vida no centro.
A nova economia não ocorrerá da noite para o dia. A virada será um processo de longo prazo, mas é uma transição que é necessária se quisermos construir uma sociedade socialmente justa.
Av. Tomás Nduda, 1313 Caixa Postal 3694 Maputo – Mozambique
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